Thursday, July 26, 2012

Parashat Devarim

Parashat Devarim
Av 9, 5772 ~ July 28, 2012
by Yosef & Benyamin Helwani


Our parasha this week begin with the words “ele hadevarim” – “and these are the words” that Moshe spoke to the people of Israel.  However, the actual meaning of the word “devarim” should be “objects” or “things” and not words. Moshe was about to rebuke the B’nai Israel, but he realized that to rebuke a nation is not that simple.  Therefore, he looked at how leaders among the tribes behaved and rebuked him and how they were punished, like Korach, the son of Kehat and Zimri ben Salu, one of the chief leaders of the tribe of Shimon.

Moshe realized that he needed to ask the B’nai Israel for forgiveness before he could admonish them, so he speaks to them in a soft and gentle manner, reminding them of their travels, and as he speaks to them he reminds them of the sins that they committed.  A question came to my mind.   Is Moshe rebuking the people out of frustration because he was not allowed to enter the land, or to let them know that he will not be able to speak on their behalf when they anger Hashem once they enter the land of Canaan?

 The rabbis tell us that Moshe was a loyal shepherd and watched over the people just as a shepherd, who is responsible for his flock, watches over them so that no harm shall come to them. In the book of Shemot when the Erev Rav committed the sin of the golden calf, Hashem says to Moshe: “Go down because the nation that you took out of Mitzrayim sinned”. How is it possible that all of a sudden it’s Moshe’s people and not Hashem’s?  Because Hashem knew that Moshe cared for every single Jew just as if he or she were his own child.   No father wants his child to stray away, so he talks to them in a gentle and soft manner and tells them that when they are punished it is out of love and not out of anger.

 Anger sometime takes the best out of us. A story is told of the great Hasidic rebbe the Holy Jew of Peshiskha who invited his prized student rabbi Simcha Bunim to a meal.   As they sat at the table the rebbe’s wife started to talk loudly to her husband and then yelled at him.  The rebbe just sat there, not even saying a word. A few minutes later he got up, walked into the kitchen, yelled at his wife and then went back to the dining room to continue his meal with his student.   A few minutes went by.  The rebbe looked at his student and said:  “I know you are trying to figure out what just happened. My wife got angry at me because I have a great responsibility to my people, and sometime she feels that I neglect her.  When she yelled at me I held myself from getting angry but I later realized how sad she was when I did not answer her.  So I went back into the kitchen and yelled at her to let her know that I still love and care for her.”

In Proverbs 15:13 King Solomon said: “An ear that listens to the admonishment will be blessed among the sages”.  The one who accepts admonishment deserves to be called wise.

We live in times that we forget that one day we need to give an accounting for our sins on the Day of Judgment.  We are told that one of the first questions a person is asked on that day is whether he dealt honestly with people around him.  The fast of Tisha b’Av is a punishment for baseless hatred amongst the Jews. We should learn and be cautious about how to behave with each other.  It is very easy to criticize the people who brought this fast day upon us.  Instead, we should learn what to do and what not to do.  Just because Hashem loves and forgives does not give us a free pass. That just because Hashem forgives us, we cannot take things for granted.

Ahavat Israel is the way to bring Mashiah speedily in our days.


          Shabbat Shalom

Thursday, July 12, 2012

Parashat Pinchas


Parashat Pinchas
Tammuz 24, 5772 ~ July 14, 2012
by Dan Cohen

Parsha Pinchas: Riffing on Chessed and Gevurah – Kindness & Strength 

What does it mean to balance kindness and strength?   
  
Let’s look at the facts from this week’s parsha (with a helpful dose of last week’s) courtesy of Chabad.org.

1.    Last week's reading concluded with Moabite and Midianite women seducing Jewish men and enticing them to idol worship. 

2.    At that point, Phinehas (Pinchas – Aaron’s grandson) unilaterally executed a Jewish leader along with the Midianite princess with whom he was cohabiting. 

3.    This week's reading opens with G‑d praising Phinehas, and rewarding his bravery by granting priesthood to him and his descendants.

Commentary at the same site continues saying that many Jews, particularly from the tribe of Shimon, were enticed by the Midianite women who descended upon the Israelite camp in the Shittim valley, and were even induced to serve Baal Peor, the pagan god of their consorts. 

When tribunals were set up by Moses to try and punish the idolaters, Zimri, the leader of Shimon, sought to legitimize his tribe's sins by publicly taking a Midianite woman into his tent, before the eyes of Moses and the eyes of the entire community of Israel.
The Prince’s repudiation reminded me of the moment in the Monty Python movie where the hapless guard says “Stop…or I shall yell stop again….”
When the tribunals failed, Pinchas took unilateral action against the leader and killed him and his woman.  But who told him to do it?  Was he authorized?  Is he a zealot or a murderer?

In most of the drashot I saw, Pinchas is the hero.  But what makes him a hero?  Who decides what is zealotry, and what is murder? I liked this explanation posted at meaningfullife.com.

“The true zealot is an utterly selfless individual -- one who is concerned only about the relationship between G-d and His people, with no thought for his own feelings on the matter. The moment his personal prejudices and inclinations are involved, he ceases to be a zealot.”

Pinchas took a very unpopular action but he did so for the highest calling.  He killed a Prince.  He killed a prince who was flouting the law and G-d.  The prince did so with the support of many in his tribe (among others).  Pinchas killed a prince that mocked communal law and Moshe.
So what do we do with this?  How do we make sense of this?
Scholar Adina Roth writing for the American Jewish World Service weekly drash presented this idea. 

“In Jewish mystical thought, there are said to be two polar expressions of G-d’s relationship to the world: chessed—loving-kindness, and gevurah—strength and boundaries. When we emulate G-d’s quality of chessed, we forge open relationships and give of ourselves. In contrast, when we emulate gevurah, we set boundaries, turn away from the influence of others and strengthen our convictions. While many of us see loving-kindness as the optimal trait in social justice work, Parashat Pinchas can teach us a crucial lesson about the importance of setting boundaries in effecting social change.” 

It seems like in of our daily struggles, maybe there is some guidance in asking what are the expectations and boundaries at play?  But it may also make sense to ask what acts of kindness might be open to us if we take them?

I just learned of a story of an IDF general, a secular guy, who oversaw all 71 checkpoints in Judea and Samaria.  I was told that he’d never studied Torah but recently participated in a special program to expose secular Israelis, especially society’s leadership, to Torah study in a non-judgmental way called Kolot.  While the study program is remarkable, what is even more remarkable was what the General did after. 

Not long after participating in the program, he installed water coolers at all checkpoints to offer a cold drink to those waiting in the hot sun.  His idea being that his soldiers should have a rifle in one hand (Gevurah), but kindness (Chessed) in the other.  What an amazing message to send about strength, generosity and responsibility.

G-d’s laws bind us together as a people and humanity.  Moshe knew that and ordered a public tribunal of the wayward Prince – a kinder approach to things.  Pinchas knew that and took unilateral action – perhaps enforcing the outer boundaries of the law. Maybe the guidance from this week is that all Hashem is asking of us is to balance kindness and strength when we relate to each other.